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History of CVD, diabetes mellitus type 1
History of CVD, diabetes mellitus type 1
The study included 349 Caucasian women. The women were selected from a group of women who had previously participated in a cardiometabolic risk factors study at the Department of Laboratory Medicine of the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Bydgoszcz, Poland between 2016 and 2019. The exclusion criteria were as follows:
- history of CVD, diabetes mellitus type 1
- familial hypercholesterolemia, severe or moderate chronic kid[1]ney disease (CKD),
- thyroid and parathyroid disorders.
All the women had serum CRP < 10 mg/L, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) < 4.94 µIU/mL, TC < 8 mmol/L, GFR > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 . Age, smoking habits and physical activity, menopausal status, medical history, and medications were investigated using a medical questionnaire. Height (cm), weight (kg), and waist circumferences (WC, cm) were measured using standard methods. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured twice in accordance with standard procedures, in the sitting position after at least 10 min of rest. Postmenopausal status was defined as the permanent cessation of menstruation for at least 12 months.
Smoking status was classified as current smoker, ex-smoker, and nonsmoker. Physi[1]cal activity was classified as never (0 point), sporadically (1 point), more than once a month (2 points), once a week (3 points), 3 to 4 times a week (4 points), and every day (5 points). Hyperlipidemia was defined as triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) total cholesterol ≥ 190 mg/dL (5.0 mmol/L), LDL-cholesterol ≥ 115 mg/dL (3.0 mmol/L)